Introduction to Oracle9i: SQL

Introduction

This course offers students an extensive introduction to data server technology.The class covers the concepts of both relational and object relational databases and the powerful SQL programming language. Students are taught to create and maintain database objects and to store, retrieve, and manipulate data. Students learn to retrieve data by using advanced techniques such as ROLLUP, CUBE, set operators, and hierarchical retrieval. They also learn to write SQL and SQL*Plus script files using the iSQL*Plus tool to generate report-like output.Demonstrations and hands-on practice reinforce the fundamental concepts. .

Course Objectives

Describe relational and object relational database concepts
Retrieve, insert, update, and delete data
Use the Single row and Group functions
Retrieve data using additional advanced techniques like using ROLLUP, CUBE, set operators, correlated subqueries and hierarchical queries
Solve problems by using multicolumn subqueries, subqueries in the from clause of a SELECT statement, correlated subqueries, and scalar subqueries
Use the iSQL*Plus environment
Write scripts to generate script files
Generate reports using iSQL*Plus
Create and maintain database objects
Control transactions
Control data/user access
Use the Oracle9i Single row functions
Use GROUPING SETS and the WITH clause
Use the Oracle9i extensions to DML and DDL statements
Apply techniques in real life simulation

Prerequisites

Familiarity with data processing concepts and techniques

Course Outline

Introduction
Describing the Life Cycle Development Phases
Defining a Relational Database
Discussing the Theoretical, Conceptual, and Physical Aspects of a Relational Database
Describing How a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Is Used to Manage a Relational Database
Describing the Oracle Implementation of Both the RDBMS and the Object Relational Database Management System (ORDBMS)
Describing How SQL Is Used in the Oracle Product Set

Writing a Basic SQL Statement
Describing the SQL Select Capabilities
Executing a Basic Select Statement with the Mandatory Clauses
Differentiating Between SQL and iSQL*Plus Commands

Restricting and Sorting Data
Limiting the Rows Retrieved by a Query
Sorting the Rows Retrieved by a Query

Single Row Functions
Describing Various Types of Functions Available in SQL
Using a Variety of Character, Number, and Date Functions in SELECT Statements
Explaining What the Conversion Functions Are and How They Are Used
Using Control Statements

Displaying Data from Multiple Tables
Writing SELECT Statements to Access Data from More Than One Table
Describing the Cartesian Product
Describing and Using the Different Types of Joins
Writing Joins Using the Tips Provided

Aggregating Data by Using Group Functions
Identifying the Different Group Functions Available
Explaining the Use of Group Functions
Grouping Data by Using the GROUP BY Clause

Writing Subqueries
Describing the Types of Problems That Subqueries Can Solve
Describing Subqueries
Listing the Types of Subqueries
Writing Single-Row and Multi-Row Subqueries
Describing and Explaining the Behavior of Subqueries When NULL Values Are Retrieved

Producing Readable Output with iSQL*Plus
Producing Queries That Require an Input Variable
Customizing the iSQL*Plus Environment
Producing More Readable Output
Creating and Executing Script Files

Manipulating Data
Describing Each Data Manipulation Language (DML) Command
Inserting Rows into a Table
Updating Rows in a Table
Deleting Rows from a Table
Merging Rows into a Table
Controlling Transactions
Describing Transaction Processing
Describing Read Consistency and Implicit and Explicit Locking

Creating and Managing Tables
Describing the Main Database Objects
Creating Tables
Describing the Oracle Data Types
Altering Table Definitions
Dropping, Renaming, and Truncating Tables

Including Constraints
Describing Constraints
Creating and Maintaining Constraints

Creating Views
Describing Views and Their Uses
Creating a View
Retrieving Data by Means of a View
Inserting, Updating, and Deleting Data Through Views
Dropping Views
Altering the Definition of a View
Inline Views
Top 'N' Analysis

Other Database Objects
Creating, Maintaining, and Using Sequences
Creating and Maintaining Indexes
Creating Private and Public Synonyms

Controlling User Access
Understanding the Concepts of Users, Roles, and Privileges
Granting and Revoking Object Privileges
Creating Roles and Granting Privileges to Roles
Creating Synonyms for Ease of Table Access

SQL Workshop
Applying Techniques Learned in This Course
Preparing for Future Oracle Courses

Using Set Operators
Describing the Set Operators
Obeying the Set Operators Rules and Guidelines
Using a Set Operator to Combine Multiple Queries into a Single Subquery
Controlling the Order of Rows Returned

Oracle 9i Datetime Functions
Using DATETIME Functions
Using the NVL2 Function to Handle NULL Values

Enhancements to the GROUP BY Clause
Using ROLLUP as an Extension to the GROUP BY Clause to Produce Subtotal Values
Using CUBE as an Extension to the GROUP BY Clause to Produce Cross-Tabulation Values
Using the GROUPING Function to Identify the Row Values Created by ROLLUP or CUBE Operators
Using GROUPING SETS to Produce a Single Result Set That Is Equivalent to a UNION ALL Approach
Using the WITH Clause

Advanced Subqueries
Multiple-Column Subqueries
Writing a Subquery in the FROM Clause
Writing and describing Correlated Subquery
Using EXISTS and NOT EXISTS Operators
Updating and Deleting Rows Using Correlated Subqueries
Using Scalar Subqueries in SQL

Hierarchical Retrieval
Discussing the Benefits of the Hierarchical Query
Ordering the Rows Retrieved by a Query in a Hierarchical Manner
Formatting Hierarchical Data so That It Is Easy to Read
Excluding Branches from the Tree Structure

Oracle9i Extensions to DML and DDL Statements
Discussing Multitable Inserts
Creating and Using External Tables
Naming the Index and Using the CREATE INDEX Command at the Time of Creating Primary Key Constraint

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